NANOTECHNOLOGY
Nanotechnology is a multi-disciplinary field of
applied science, technology and industry which involves creating and manipulating
matter at the nanoscale. Nano means small and is the prefix used to describe
properties at 10-9. Therefore the nanoscale exists for
characteristics that form in terms of particles or channels at a nanometer that
is 10-9 or one ten-thousandth the width of a human hair.
The nanotechnology revolution promises big things. Many
scientists in around the world believe that nanotechnology will allow the
creation of tiny machines and engines for use by humans in many different
environments. One concept that has received a lot of attention in this regard
is the idea of the nanobot. A robot created on the nanoscale and which could
perform medical interventions in living human beings by travelling through
blood vessels. Nanobots might scan for cancer cells, deliver drugs directly to
target organs or even repair defective body parts. As well as nanobots,
nanotechnology is expected to drive innovation and development in diverse
industries, including laboratory diagnostic tools, advanced manufacturing, engineering,
computing and clean technologies.
Before the
development or use of any application from nanotechnologies, the question of
social utility should be asked. There are concerns that nanotechnology will change the commodity
markets, disrupt trade and eliminate jobs. Worker-displacement brought on by
commodity obsolescence will hurt the poorest and most vulnerable. Particularly
those workers in the developing world who don’t have the economic flexibility
to respond to sudden demands for new skills or different raw materials.
Currently, nanotech innovations and intellectual property are being driven
mainly from developed countries. The world’s largest transnational companies,
leading academic laboratories nanotech start-ups are seeking intellectual
property on novel materials, devices and manufacturing processes. Commodity
dependent developing countries must gain a fuller understanding of the
direction and impacts of nanotechnology-induced technological transformations and
participate in determining how emerging technologies could affect their futures.
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