A. Environmental Pollution
Based on the experience that environmental pollution, an
outline of environmental pollution can be classified into water pollution, soil
and air.
a.
Water Pollution
In order of human life, water plays an important role
among many others for drinking, cooking, washing and bathing. There was also a
lot of water needed to irrigate the fields, farms, industries, and more.
Human action in fulfillment of their daily activities, inadvertently have increased the number of inorganic materials in water and pollute water. For example, removal of the detergent into the water can adversely impact on aquatic organisms. Paddy soil fertilization with artificial fertilizers or farm, then went into the water will cause the growth of aquatic plants that are not controlled, called eutrophication or blooming. Some types of plants such as algae, water hyacinth spikes and will grow rapidly and cover the surface of the waters so that sunlight does not penetrate to the bottom waters. As a result, plants that are under the surface can not photosynthesize, so the levels of dissolved oxygen in water decreases.
Other chemicals, like pesticides or DDT (Dichloro Diphenyl Trichloroethane) is often used by farmers to eradicate plant pests also can adversely impact plants and other organisms. If pollution in aquatic ecosystems occur or pesticide DDT, DDT flow will occur.
Human action in fulfillment of their daily activities, inadvertently have increased the number of inorganic materials in water and pollute water. For example, removal of the detergent into the water can adversely impact on aquatic organisms. Paddy soil fertilization with artificial fertilizers or farm, then went into the water will cause the growth of aquatic plants that are not controlled, called eutrophication or blooming. Some types of plants such as algae, water hyacinth spikes and will grow rapidly and cover the surface of the waters so that sunlight does not penetrate to the bottom waters. As a result, plants that are under the surface can not photosynthesize, so the levels of dissolved oxygen in water decreases.
Other chemicals, like pesticides or DDT (Dichloro Diphenyl Trichloroethane) is often used by farmers to eradicate plant pests also can adversely impact plants and other organisms. If pollution in aquatic ecosystems occur or pesticide DDT, DDT flow will occur.
b.
Soil Pollution
Land is a place to live different kinds of plants and
other living things including humans. Soil quality can be reduced because the
process of erosion by flowing water, so the fertility will be reduced. In
addition, land degradation can be caused by solid wastes that pollute the soil
too.
According to sources, solid waste can be
derived from household waste (domestic), industrial and natural (plant). As for
the type, waste can be divided into organic and inorganic. Organic waste from
the remains of living things, such as leaves, dead animals, and paper.
Inorganic wastes are usually derived from industrial wastes such as plastics,
metals and cans.
Organic waste is generally easily
destroyed and broken down by microorganisms in the soil. Inorganic wastes are
not easily destroyed so that it can degrade soil quality.
c.
Air Pollution
Air pollution when the air is said to contain elements
that pollute the air. Form of various air pollutants, there is no form of gas
and liquid or solid particles.
1)
Form Gas Air Pollution
Some of the gas with the amount exceeds the tolerance limit of the environment, and into the air environment, can interfere with living life.
Some of the gas with the amount exceeds the tolerance limit of the environment, and into the air environment, can interfere with living life.
Gaseous air
pollutants are carbon monoxide, sulfur compounds (SO2 and H2S), seyawa nitrogen
(NO2), and chloroflourocarbon (CFC).
CO2 levels are too high in the air can cause an increase in surface air temperature of the earth and can interfere with the respiratory system. CO gas levels over 100 ppm in the blood can damage the nervous system and can cause death. SO2 and H2S gas can be joined with the particles of water and cause acid rain. NO2 poisoning can lead to respiratory system disorders, paralysis, and death. Meanwhile, the CFCs could cause ozone destruction in the atmosphere Lapian.
CO2 levels are too high in the air can cause an increase in surface air temperature of the earth and can interfere with the respiratory system. CO gas levels over 100 ppm in the blood can damage the nervous system and can cause death. SO2 and H2S gas can be joined with the particles of water and cause acid rain. NO2 poisoning can lead to respiratory system disorders, paralysis, and death. Meanwhile, the CFCs could cause ozone destruction in the atmosphere Lapian.
2)
Liquid Particles Shaped or Solid Air Pollutants
Particles that pollute the air contained in the liquid or solid form. Particles in liquid water droplets or fog. Fog can cause asphyxiation if terhiap into the lungs.
Particles that pollute the air contained in the liquid or solid form. Particles in liquid water droplets or fog. Fog can cause asphyxiation if terhiap into the lungs.
In the form of
solid particles can be dust or volcanic ash. Moreover, it also can come from
living things, such as bacteria, spores, viruses, pollen, or insects that have
died. Particle is a source of disease that could interfere with human health.
That pollute the air particles can come from burning gasoline.
Gasoline used in motor vehicles are usually mixed with a lead compound for rapid
combustion engines run more perfect. Will lead bereaki with chlorine and
bromine to form particles PbClBr. Particles scattered by a vehicle going
through the exhaust into the air so that it will pollute the air.
B.
For Global Human Impact Pollution
Combustion of
fuel oil and coal for motor vehicles and industry led to increased levels of
CO2 in the air. This gas is also produced from forest fires. CO2 gas will be
assembled in Earth's atmosphere. If there is a large amount, it will inhibit
the CO2 gas heat reflected from the Earth to the atmosphere so that the heat
will be absorbed and reflected back to Earth. As a result, the temperature of
the hot Bumimenjadi. This situation is called the greenhouse effect (green
house effect). In addition to CO2, other gases that cause the greenhouse effect
comes from CFC aerosol, and methane gas from animal waste decomposition.
The greenhouse effect could cause a global temperature rise, or better known as global warming. This global warming, global climate patterns have changed. Sea level rise, as a result of melting polar ice caps so that small islands will be submerged. This situation will affect the balance of the ecosystem and harming living things, including humans.
Another result of air pollution is caused by acid rain. If the acid rain
Occurs continuously will cause the land, lake, or river water into acid. Circumstances which will result in plants and microorganisms that live in them disturbed and die. This will certainly affect the balance of the ecosystem and human life.
The greenhouse effect could cause a global temperature rise, or better known as global warming. This global warming, global climate patterns have changed. Sea level rise, as a result of melting polar ice caps so that small islands will be submerged. This situation will affect the balance of the ecosystem and harming living things, including humans.
Another result of air pollution is caused by acid rain. If the acid rain
Occurs continuously will cause the land, lake, or river water into acid. Circumstances which will result in plants and microorganisms that live in them disturbed and die. This will certainly affect the balance of the ecosystem and human life.
C.
Environmental Pollution Control Efforts
Various efforts
have been made, both by governments and communities to cope with environmental
pollution, among others, through education and environmental management.
However, these efforts will not succeed if there is no public support and
awareness for the environment.
To prove our concern for the environment, we need to act. Some ways you can do to cope with environmental pollution, including the following:
To prove our concern for the environment, we need to act. Some ways you can do to cope with environmental pollution, including the following:
1.
Disposing of waste in place
Disposing of waste into rivers or gutters will cause water flow is inhibited. As a result, litter will pile up and rot. In addition to causing the smell rotting garbage will also be a breeding ground for various kinds of diseases. Also, it can be misleading flooding in the rainy season.
Disposing of waste into rivers or gutters will cause water flow is inhibited. As a result, litter will pile up and rot. In addition to causing the smell rotting garbage will also be a breeding ground for various kinds of diseases. Also, it can be misleading flooding in the rainy season.
One way to
address household waste, especially waste into fertilizer is to use compost.
Waste is separated between organic and inorganic waste.
Furthermore, organic waste dumped on the ground that it becomes compost. Inorganic wastes such as plastics and cans can be recycled into household appliances and other items.
Furthermore, organic waste dumped on the ground that it becomes compost. Inorganic wastes such as plastics and cans can be recycled into household appliances and other items.
2. Reduction of
industrial waste
Waste from industry especially those containing chemicals, prior to discharge must be processed first. This will reduce the pollutants in the waters. Denan Thus, the contaminants from waste materials containing toxic substances that can be removed so as not to disturb the ecosystem.
Placing a plant or industrial zones in areas far from the hustle and bustle of the population. This is done to avoid the adverse effects of industrial waste and factory fumes on people's lives.
Waste from industry especially those containing chemicals, prior to discharge must be processed first. This will reduce the pollutants in the waters. Denan Thus, the contaminants from waste materials containing toxic substances that can be removed so as not to disturb the ecosystem.
Placing a plant or industrial zones in areas far from the hustle and bustle of the population. This is done to avoid the adverse effects of industrial waste and factory fumes on people's lives.
3. Prevention of
air pollution
Air pollution caused by burning motor vehicles and smoke the rest of the plant, can be prevented and treated by reducing fuel consumption. Should be considered a substitute for alternative sources of environmentally friendly fuels, such as electric-energy vehicles. In addition, an attempt is made to assess and limit the number of vehicles a viable operation. Especially the control and inspection of exhaust fumes and vehicle exhaust.
4. Greening was held in big cities
Plants absorb CO2 in the air for photosynthesis. The presence of the green belt will reduce the levels of CO2 in the air that comes from motor vehicle fumes or smoke the plant. Thus, green plants can reduce air pollution. In addition, green plants release O2 into the atmosphere.
5. The use of fertilizer and pesticide plants in accordance
Fertilizer on crops could increase agricultural output. However, on the other hand can cause pollution if the manure into the waters. Eutrofikai is one of the negative impact caused by artificial fertilizers into the water.
So is the use of anti-pest plants. If usage exceeds a certain dose will cause pollution. In addition to polluting the environment can also lead to the extinction of a particular organism is needed, such as decomposing bacteria or insects that help pollinate plants.
Biological pest eradication is one alternative that can reduce pollution and damage to agricultural ecosystems.
6. Reduced use of CFC
To eliminate the levels of CFCs in the atmosphere takes about a hundred years one way to overcome that is by reducing the unnecessary use of CFCs by humans. Reduce the use of CFC use can prevent damage to the ozone layer in the atmosphere, reducing global warming.
Today, human behavior in arbitrary attitude towards the environment has reached an alarming level. In addition to utilizing the nature greedy, human nature has also been poisoned by various types of waste.
Air pollution caused by burning motor vehicles and smoke the rest of the plant, can be prevented and treated by reducing fuel consumption. Should be considered a substitute for alternative sources of environmentally friendly fuels, such as electric-energy vehicles. In addition, an attempt is made to assess and limit the number of vehicles a viable operation. Especially the control and inspection of exhaust fumes and vehicle exhaust.
4. Greening was held in big cities
Plants absorb CO2 in the air for photosynthesis. The presence of the green belt will reduce the levels of CO2 in the air that comes from motor vehicle fumes or smoke the plant. Thus, green plants can reduce air pollution. In addition, green plants release O2 into the atmosphere.
5. The use of fertilizer and pesticide plants in accordance
Fertilizer on crops could increase agricultural output. However, on the other hand can cause pollution if the manure into the waters. Eutrofikai is one of the negative impact caused by artificial fertilizers into the water.
So is the use of anti-pest plants. If usage exceeds a certain dose will cause pollution. In addition to polluting the environment can also lead to the extinction of a particular organism is needed, such as decomposing bacteria or insects that help pollinate plants.
Biological pest eradication is one alternative that can reduce pollution and damage to agricultural ecosystems.
6. Reduced use of CFC
To eliminate the levels of CFCs in the atmosphere takes about a hundred years one way to overcome that is by reducing the unnecessary use of CFCs by humans. Reduce the use of CFC use can prevent damage to the ozone layer in the atmosphere, reducing global warming.
Today, human behavior in arbitrary attitude towards the environment has reached an alarming level. In addition to utilizing the nature greedy, human nature has also been poisoned by various types of waste.
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